Oregon Esthetician State Board

What is the lowest layer of the epidermis?

1. Stratum corneum

2. Stratum spinosum

3. Stratum lucidum

4. Stratum germinativum

The correct answer is: Stratum germinativum

The lowest layer of the epidermis is indeed the stratum germinativum, also known as the basal layer. This layer is crucial because it is responsible for the continuous regeneration of the skin. It contains basal cells that actively divide, producing new keratinocytes that gradually migrate up through the layers of the epidermis. Additionally, this layer includes melanocytes, which produce melanin and contribute to skin pigmentation, as well as Merkel cells, which are involved in the sensation of touch. The stratum germinativum serves as the foundation for the epidermis, supporting and facilitating the renewal and repair of the skin's outer layers. Understanding the function and significance of this layer helps to appreciate the overall structure and physiology of the skin, which is vital in esthetics and skin care treatments.